Both text A and text B show Tom learning with the aid of his care givers.
For example there are several uses of modelling and repetition of the adult pronunciation of utterances, ''''it make noises'' to ''it makes noises'' and ''dad bike'' to ''dad's bike''. We see that this is an effective method of teaching as Tom repeats ''dad's bike'' several times throughout the conversation. This is then reinforced toward the end of text A using positive reinforcement, according to B F Skinner's operant conditioning theory this will enhance the childs learning as they are rewarded with attention when doing something the correct way. In this instance Tom's dad says ''my bike'' as a form of confirmation after Tom repeats dad's bike several times.
Negative reinforcement is also used when tom calls his own bike ''dad's bike'' this appears to be an example of over-extension as he has just learnt this he calls all resembling items ''dad's bike'', Tom's mum uses negative language to correct him as she recognises this ''you're not on dad's bike(.)you're on dad's bike'', The response he gives is an example of a coordinating conjunction, ''I am on dad's bike but I not on dad's bike'' the use of the coordinating conjunction shows that Tom is in the telegraphic stage of speech. Halliday's imaginative function also applies to this utterance as it reveals to us that he is aware that it is not his fathers bike but that in fact he is using his imagination in play pretending he is on his fathers bike.
Text B also uses Skinner's positive reinforcement as Tom's mum vocally reinforces his actions, ''fantastic'' ''well done''. In this transcript Tom shows his development in language as he uses overextension when trying to ask his mother a question ''is these drawing cartoon network cup of tea mum'' this is used as he is trying to ask what is on the cup but does not know how to form the utterance so he overextends the words ''cartoon network'' as it is the most familiar description at this stage of his development.
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